About half of black men and about thirty-five percent of black women who reported an occupation to the Census said that they worked as a farmer or a farm laborer, as opposed to about one-third of white men and about eight percent of white women. Only about one-fifth of African American household heads owned their own homes (less than half the percentage among whites). Three-quarters of black households were located in rural places. (The 1900 Census did not record information on years of schooling or on income, so these important variables are left out of these tables, though they will be examined below.) According to the Census, ninety percent of African Americans still lived in the Southern US in 1900 - roughly the same percentage as lived in the South in 1870. Tables 1 and 2 present characteristics of black and white Americans in 1900, as recorded in the Census for that year. Despite these dramatic developments, many economic and demographic characteristics of African Americans at the end of the nineteenth century were not that different from what they had been in the mid-1800s. Blacks were freed from slavery and began to enjoy greater rights as citizens (though full recognition of their rights remained a long way off). The nineteenth century was a time of radical transformation in the political and legal status of African Americans. African Americans in the Twentieth Century
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